dibasic acid

Thân thiện

A chemist carefully titrates a dibasic acid solution in the laboratory.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • An acid containing two replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule: A dibasic acid is a type of acid molecule that has two hydrogen atoms which can be replaced or neutralized by a base. This property allows it to form two series of salts, such as primary and secondary salts.

Usage

• Noun:
  • Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is a classic example of a dibasic acid.
  • In the laboratory, we titrated the dibasic acid to determine its equivalent weight.
  • The chemical formula indicates it is a dibasic acid because it has two ionizable hydrogen atoms.

Advanced Usage

• In Chemical Nomenclature: The term "dibasic" specifies the acid's capacity to donate protons. A dibasic acid can react with two equivalents of a base.
  • Oxalic acid (H₂C₂O₄) is another common dibasic acid used in redox titrations.
• In Salt Formation: When a dibasic acid is partially neutralized, it can form an acid salt (e.g., sodium hydrogen sulfate, NaHSO₄, from sulfuric acid).
  • The first dissociation of a dibasic acid is typically stronger than the second.

Variants and Related Words

• Monobasic Acid (n): An acid containing one replaceable hydrogen atom per molecule (e.g., HCl).
• Tribasic Acid (n): An acid containing three replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule (e.g., H₃PO₄).
• Dibasic (adj): Describing a substance, typically an acid or salt, with two replaceable hydrogen atoms or a valence of two.
  • The dibasic nature of the compound was confirmed by analysis.

Synonyms

• Diprotic Acid: A more modern term often used interchangeably in chemistry to describe an acid that can donate two protons (H⁺ ions) per molecule.

Related Phrases

• (To) behave as a dibasic acid: Describes the chemical action of an acid.
  • Malonic acid can behave as a dibasic acid in aqueous solution.

Học thuật

Noun

1. an acid containing two replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule